Main energy storage substances in rice seeds
Caryopsis is an important nutrient storage organ of rice, including seed coat, pericarp, endosperm and embryo. Starch, as the main storage substance of rice caryopsis, accounts for about 80% of the total grain weight and it is composed of amylose and amylopectin which form crystal called starch granule in a certain ratio.
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6 FAQs about [Main energy storage substances in rice seeds]
What regulates rice seed storability?
This article reviews the main regulatory mechanisms of rice seed storability, including the accumulation of seed storage proteins, late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, heat shock proteins, sugar signaling, hormonal regulation by gibberellins and abscisic acid, and the role of the ubiquitination pathway.
Are rice seeds a storage protein?
The vast majority of proteins in rice seeds are storage proteins, and the content and composition of rice storage proteins (RSPs) have important impacts on the cooking and eating quality, nutritional value, and processing and appearance quality (Lang et al, 2013).
What factors affect rice seed storability?
Rice seed storability is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Key proteins like LEA, heat shock, and storage proteins regulate storability. Sugar signaling and hormone regulation are vital for seed storability. Advances include using wild rice genes, marker-assisted selection, and CRISPR/Cas9.
Why is rice seed storability important?
Sugar signaling and hormone regulation are vital for seed storability. Advances include using wild rice genes, marker-assisted selection, and CRISPR/Cas9. The storability of rice seeds is crucial for ensuring flexible planting options, agricultural seed security, and global food safety.
What nutrient is found in rice seeds?
Among these primary nutrient components, starch and storage proteins account for ~90% and 5–8% of the dry weight of rice seeds, respectively, and 60–80% and 20–30% of the proteins belong to the glutelins and prolamins, respectively ( Zhou et al., 2013 ).
Where are the nutrients stored in a rice seed?
Most nutrients of the seeds are stored in the endosperm. The triploid endosperm of rice develops from the fertilized polar nucleus. The endosperm at the filling stage consists of the aleurone layer, subaleurone layer, and starch endosperm, from outside to inside, respectively (Wu et al. 2016a).